In the 4 billion years since life began on Earth, there have been numerous threats to life. However, life has repeatedly overcome these crises, with new groups prospering in place of those that went extinct, thus undergoing diverse evolution. In other words, mass extinctions can be seen as phenomena that promoted the prosperity of life. This exhibition unravels the five largest mass extinction events (dubbed "The Big Five") through various evidence left in fossils and rocks, tracing the history of life's evolution in its struggle for survival. Supervised by 10 researchers from the National Museum of Nature and Science specializing in ancient organisms, volcanoes, paleoclimate, and paleooceanography, the exhibition approaches the mysteries of the five mass extinctions from various angles.